Periodontal treatment

Periodontal disease is a microbial inflammation with local and systemic manifestations. It affects the gums, bone and other tissues that surround and support the teeth. It is very common (over 50% of the population suffers from it) and is the main cause of tooth loss in adults. Its mildest form is gingivitis, which, if left untreated, can develop into the most severe form of periodontal disease, periodontitis.

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What is periodontitis?

Periodontitis is inflammation that extends deeper into the tissues and is the evolutionary stage of gingivitis in which, in addition to the gums, the bone that surrounds the teeth is affected. This gradually leads to bone resorption, loosening, migration and increased mobility of the teeth and ultimately their loss.

Predisposing factors

The appearance of periodontal disease and its severity can be affected by factors such as:

Heredity
Smoking
Hormonal disorders, pregnancy
Systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus
Psychological factors, such as stress
Diseases associated with immune system deficiency
Various medicines (antihypertensives, antiepileptics, etc.).

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Symptoms of periodontitis include swollen and bright red gums, bad breath, receding gums (recession), mobility, and perhaps even migration of teeth, and a change in bite (occlusion of teeth) in some cases. In advanced cases, pus can also appear between the teeth and gums.

There are different types of periodontitis. Chronic which is the most common and mainly affects adults and acute which is aggressive and occurs in young people and affects only 2% of the population.

Treatment

The type of treatment is determined on a case-by-case basis and depends on the nature and severity of the condition. Treatment is divided into two major categories: conservative and surgical.

Conservative treatment includes the removal of inflammation and tartar (tartar) with “deep cleaning” in 4-6 sessions and training the patient in good oral hygiene.

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In our clinic, the conservative treatment is supplemented with the laser technique, contributing to the reduction of the microbial population and, by extension, to the faster and more effective treatment of the disease.

In case the conservative treatment does not bring the desired results, then microsurgery can be applied, which aims at the most effective mechanical cleaning of the inflammation and the regeneration of the bone. The latter is carried out by placing bone grafts or membranes of directed tissue regeneration.